Wednesday, 18 November 2015

Translation and Regulation

Translation and Regulation

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Which phage always carries a small piece of E.coli genome?

a. T3
b. Mu
c. Lambda       
d. T4    

Which binding is inhibited by pactamycin?

a. Formation of peptide bond in P site
b. Aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of 30S subunit
c. Initiator-tRNA to 30S/40S initiation complexes
d. Peptidyl t-RNA to the 50S subunit

The final step of gene expression is protein synthesis, which is also known as _____________.

a. translation
b. replication
c. none of these
d. transcription

Three stop codons, which aids in termination of translation are also known as _____________.

a. missense codons
b. nonsense codons
c. antisense codons
d. pause codons

The ribosome binding site _____________.

a. is located immediately upstream of the start codon
b. is located upstream of the promoter sequence
c. is more likely to be associated with an operon than with a gene encoding a single protein
d. forms a stem-loop structure in the RNA

Which of the following molecule catalyzes the transpeptidation reaction?

a. Peptidyl transferase
b. RNA polymerase
c. DNA polymerase
d. DNA ligase

Which of the termination codon is called amber?

a. UAA 
b. UAG
c. UGA
d. AUG

Which of the following is a nontranslated sequence located between the transcription and the translation start site?

a. Ending frame
b. Leader sequence
c. Trailer sequence
d. Reading frame

What is the maximum number of different amino acids in a polypeptide chain coded by the synthetic polyribonucleotides (UCAG)5?

a. Four
b. Three          
c. One 
d. Two

Negative regulation of protein synthesis is accomplished by _____________.

a. the binding of a repressor to the DNA
b. the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter
c. the binding of a repressor to the RNA polymerase
d. allosteric inhibition

Site in the ribosome from which the tRNA donates amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain is _____________.

a. O site
b. A site
c. P site
d. T site

When was the genetic code completed?

a. 1968
b. 1966
c. 1952
d. 1958

Which stop codon has been found to encode selenocysteine?

a. UAG
b. UAA
c. AGA
d. UGA

What is the direct cause of cell death by diphtheria toxin?

a. Inactivation of a translational elongation factor
b. Induction of apoptosis
c. None of the above
d. Formation of an ion channel in the cell membrane

The development of global regulatory systems in prokaryotes _____________.

a. determines the exact location of the replication site
b. regulates many genes under varying environmental conditions
c. aids in DNA replication
d. determines the exact location of the cell on the globe

The interaction between the mRNA and tRNA determined the position of amino acid in a polypeptide sequence. This is called the _____________.

a. promiscuity
b. Wobble hypothesis
c. stagerivity
d. adaptor hypothesis

What are the Svedberg values for the subunits of the 70S ribosomes of E. colli?

a. 40S and 30S
b. 50S and 30S
c. 50S and 20S
d. 40S and 20S

Which of the following three codons translate as serine (Ser)?

a. AUG
b. AGU
c. CGA
d. CAU

The role of molecular chaperones is to _____________.

a. facilitate binding of RNA polymerase to DNA
b. facilitate binding of ribosomes to mRNA
c. aid a newly synthesized polypeptide in folding to its proper shape
d. degrade newly synthesized polypeptides that contain inaccurate sequences

What is the action of tetracycline in prokaryotes?

a. It blocks peptidyl transferase reaction on ribosomes
b. It blocks translocation reaction on ribosomes
c. Not known with certainity
d. It blocks the binding of amino-acyl tRNA to the A site of ribosomes

A quorum sensing system _____________.

a. consists of a sensor component that phosphorylates a regulatory protein
b. detects a signal from the external environment
c. controls the activity of ribosomes directly
d. senses a compound produced by the bacterium itself

The Shine-Dalgarno sequence is _____________.

a. a short sequence that acts as a ribosomal binding site
b. trailer sequence
c. the reading frame of a gene
d. a stop codon

Which of the following statement is correct?

a. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) is usually formed in coding sequence of a gene
b. The size and sequence of introns can be deduced from the cDNA sequence
c. Restriction endonuclease can cleave ss and dsDNA both
d. Amino acid sequence of a protein can be deduced from corresponding cDNA nucleotide

What was the first bacterial genome to be sequenced and made public?

a. Haemophilus influenzae
b. Bacillus subtilis
c. Escherichia coli
d. No bacterial genome has been sequenced yet

Which of the following modified amino acid is used at the starting of most prokaryotic proteins?

a. N-formylmethionine
b. N-formylserine          
c. N-formylalanine
d. N-formylleucine        

During amino acid activation a(n) _____________.

a. methyl group is attached to rRNA
b. amino acid is bound to mRNA
c. methyl group is attached to an amino acid
d. amino acid is bound to tRNA

The nonsense codon(s) is/are _____________.

a. UGA
b. UAA
c. all of these
d. UAG

Which of the following defines an open reading frame (ORF)?

a. A plasmid vector used in genome sequencing
b. The sequence of a complete genome
c. A sequence of genome in bacteriophage
d. A possible gene predicted by DNA sequencing

Which of the following act as the blueprint or template for the process of protein synthesis that takes place on ribosomes?

a. tRNA
b. DNA
c. mRNA
d. rRNA           


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