Microbial Metabolism
:: Home > Microbiology > Microbial Metabolism > Page 1
|
During the carboxylation phase of the Calvin cycle, CO2 combines with _____________.
a. ribulose 1,5 - bisphosphate
b. phosphoglyceraldehyde
c. pyruvic
acid
d. oxaloacetic
acid
Which
of the following groups contain(s) many unique coenzymes, such as coenzyme M
and coenzyme F420?
a. Sulfate-reducing
bacteria
b. Methanotrophs
(methane-oxidizing microbes)
c. Methanogens (methane-producing microbes)
d. Acetogens
(acetigens; acetate-producing microbes)
In
the passive diffusion, solute molecules cross the membrane as a result of
_____________.
a. concentration difference
b. pressure
difference
c. ionic
difference
d. all
of these
In
an oxygenic photosynthesis, the green and the purple bacteria do not use which
of the following one as an electron source?
a. H2O
b. H2
c. H2S
d. S
(elemental sulphur)
Radioisotopes
are frequently used in the study of cells. Assume a culture of E. coli is grown
in a culture medium containing radioactive phosphorous. At the end of 48 hours,
it is expected to find the radioactive label located in _____________.
a. enzymes
b. RNA
c. phospholipids
d. all of these
Assimilatory
sulfate reduction involves the nucleotide __________ during the incorporation
of H2S in the production of _____________.
a. ATP;
methionine
b. ATP; cytosine
c. UTP;
cytosine
d. GTP;
cytosine
The
chlorophyll molecules used by eucaryotes and cyanobacteria absorb radiant
energy in the ____________ portion(s) of the visible spectrum.
a. red
b. green
c. red and blue
d. green
and ultraviolet
In
aerobic respiration, the terminal electron acceptor is _____________.
a. oxygen
b. nitrogen
c. hydrogen
d. nitrate
Which
of the following statement is correct?
a. Phosphate repression can not be eliminated
by optimization of nutrient medium, deregulated medium must be used as
production strains
b. Phosphate
repression can be eliminated by optimization of nutrient medium, deregulated
medium must be used as production strains
c. Phosphate
repression can be eliminated by optimization of nutrient medium, regulated
medium must be used as production strains
d. Phosphate
repression can not be eliminated by optimization of nutrient medium, regulated
medium must be used as production strains
The
acquisition energy by glucose fermentation requires _____________.
a. substrate-level phosphorylation
b. electron
transport of electrons from NADH
c. long-chain
fatty acid oxidation
d. the
enzyme formic-hydrogen lyase
High
energy transfer compounds are capable of _____________.
a. accepting
large amounts of free energy
b. transferring large amounts of free energy
c. measuring
free energy
d. none
of the above
Dolichol
phosphate is _____________.
a. a
complex lipid involved in docking vesicles with the plasma membrane
b. the anchor on which sugars assemble before
transfer to proteins
c. a
chaperone used in protein folding
d. a
product of phospholipase C activation
The
reactions of the cell that are carried out for capturing energy are called
_____________.
a. catabolism
b. metabolism
c. anabolism
d. activation
energy
In
establishing proton gradient for chemiosmotic ATP generation by aerobic
respiration the terminal electron acceptor is _____________.
a. nitrate
b. oxygen
c. sulfate
d. CO2
If ∆G
of a chemical reaction is positive in value and keq is less than 1 then the
chemical reaction will _____________.
a. proceed in reverse direction
b. proceeed
in forward direction
c. not
take place in any of the direction
d. none
of these
The
reaction, where small precursor molecules are assembled into larger organic
molecules is referred as _____________.
a. anabolism
b. catabolism
c. metabolism
d. any
of these
Which
of the following nucleoside diphosphates is used most often in carbohydrate
anabolism?
a. Uridine diphosphate
b. Adenosine
diphosphate
c. Guanine
diphosphate
d. Thymine
diphosphate
DAHP
synthetase catalyzes the condensation of _____________.
a. erythrose-4-phosphate
b. phosphoenol
pyruvate
c. both (a) and (b)
d. phenylalanine
Phosphate
is considered to restrict the induction of _____________.
a. primary
metabolites
b. secondary metabolites
c. both
(a) and (b)
d. none
of these
Free
energy change (∆G) of a reaction is referred as the amount of energy
_____________.
a. liberated
during reaction
b. taken
up during reaction
c. liberated or taken up during reaction
d. none
of these
Which
of the following does not produce oxygen as a product of photosynthesis?
a. Oak
trees
b. Purple sulfur bacteria
c. Cyanobacteria
d. Phytoplankton
When
acetate is the sole source of carbon for some microorganisms, the cycle which
is used, is called _____________.
a. pentose
phosphate pathway
b. glycolyic
pathway
c. glyoxylate pathway
d. oxaloacetate
pathway
Hexose
monophosphate pathway is also known as _____________.
a. phosphogluconate pathway
b. oxaloacetate
pathway
c. malate
pathway
d. fumerate
pathway
If
radioactive bicarbonate was supplied to bacterial cells, which were actively
synthesizing fatty acids, it is expected to find the bulk of the radioactivity
in _____________.
a. ellular bicarbonate
b. the
fatty acids
c. the
cytoplasmic membrane
d. nucleic
acids
Standard
free energy change (∆G) can be expressed as _____________.
a. ∆G° = -RTlnkeq
b. ∆G°
= RTlnkeq
c. ∆G°
= R/Tlnkeq
d. ∆G°
= -RT/lnkeq
The
glyoxylate cycle is used by some microorganisms when___________ is the sole
carbon source.
a. acetate
b. nitrate
c. carbon
dioxide
d. all
of these
Incorporation
of atmospheric N2to NH4+ occurs via the
process of _____________.
a. assimilatory
nitrate reduction
b. transamination
c. deamination
d. nitrogen fixation
The
role of bacteriophyll in an oxygenic photosynthesis is to _____________.
a. reduce
ferridoxin directly
b. reduce
NADP directly
c. use light energy to energize an electron