Energy Release and Conservation
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Glucose
can be broken down to pyruvate by
a.
tricarboxylic acid cycle
b. Entner-Doudoroff
pathway
c.
both (a) and (b)
d.
none of these
In
lactic acid fermentation, the final electron acceptor would be
a.
fructose
b.
glucose
c. pyruvate
d.
acetyl-CoA
Suppose
a eukaryotic cell had a mutation that prevented the production of cytochrome c.
As a result of this mutation, which of the following processes would not occur?
a. Cellular
respiration
b.
Photosynthesis
c.
Mitosis
d.
Cell wall synthesis
Which
of the following best explains about the usefulness of the production of
ethanol in yeast cells under anaerobic conditions?
a.
Ethanol keeps the electron transport system functioning
b.
The process generates oxygen, which is required for glycolysis
c. The process
regenerates NAD+, which is required for glycolysis
d.
Yeast would be unable to activate the enzymes of the Krebs cycle without
ethanol
Organisms
can synthesize ATP by oxidative phosphorylation when they
a.
oxidize glucose to pyruvate
b. pass electrons to
oxygen through an electron transport system containing cytochromes
c.
ferment
d.
pass electrons from the oxidation of chlorophyll through an electron transport
system
How
many molecules of carbon dioxide will be given off during ten turns of the
Krebs cycle?
a.
40
b.
30
c. 20
d.
10
The
final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is
a. oxygen
b.
CoQ
c.
FMN
d.
a cytochrome
The
amount of energy (cal/mole) in an ATP molecule produced by a cell from glucose
by fermentation is
a.
greater than aerobic metabolism
b. exactly or
approximately equal to aerobic metabolism
c.
less than aerobic metabolism
d.
none of the above
In
cellular metabolism, O2 is used
a.
to provide electrons for photophosphorylation
b. as a terminal
electron acceptor
c.
in glycolysis
d.
in the Krebs cycle
In
glycolysis, ATP is created by
a.
the chemiosmotic mechanism
b. substrate level
phosphorylation
c.
photophosphorylation
d.
the pentose phosphate pathway
The
enzymes for glycolysis are located
a.
on the inner surface of the cell membrane
b. in the cytoplasm
c.
on the inner membrane of the mitochondrion
d.
on the outer membrane of the chloroplast
A
yeast or fungal cell produces how many net ATP molecules per molecule of
glucose when completely oxidized?
a.
34
b.
38
c.
32
d. 36
The
amount of ATP that can be obtained by complete oxidation of a glucose by a
bacterium is
a.
exactly or approximately equal to by a yeast cell
b.
lesser than by a yeast cell
c. greater than by a
yeast cell
d.
none of these
Which
of the following is accomplished in chemiosmosis?
a.
The oxidation of CO2
b.
The oxidation of ATP
c. The oxidation of
NADH
d.
The oxidation of water
Most
bacterial fermentations yield how many net ATP molecules per molecule of glucose?
a.
1
b. 2
c.
4
d.
6
The
amount of ATP produced by a cell from glucose when metabolizing it by
fermentation means is
a.
greater than by aerobic metabolism
b.
exactly or approximately equal to by aerobic metabolism
c. lesser than by
aerobic metabolism
d.
none of these
Before
most molecules can enter the Krebs citric acid cycle, they must be converted to
a.
citric acid
b.
oxaloacetic acid
c.
NADH or FADH
d. acetyl-CoA
Which
of the following is the most complete definition of fermentation?
a. Oxidation of
glucose with organic molecules serving as electron acceptors
b.
Complete catabolism of glucose to CO2 and HO2
c.
Production of energy by substrate-level phosphorylation
d.
Production of ethyl alcohol from glucose
The
enzymes that catalyze the reactions of the Krebs cycle are found in which
subcellular organelle of eukaryotes?
a. Mitochondrion
b.
Chloroplast
c.
Ribosome
d.
Endoplasmic reticulum
How
many oxygen molecules are required in the fermentation of one molecule of
glucose to ethanol and CO2?
a. 0
b.
1
c.
2
d.
36
Which
one of the following is produced in the greatest numbers during one turn of the
Krebs cycle?
a. NADH
b.
Acetyl-CoA
c.
FADH2
d.
ATP
For
each pair of electrons passing from NADH located inside the mitochondria to
oxygen, how many ATP molecules can be generated?
a.
1
b.
2
c. 3
d.
4
In
anaerobic respiration, the final electron acceptor can be
a.
oxygen
b.
pyruvate
c. nitrate
d.
acetyl-CoA
Aerobic
respiration differs from anaerobic respiration in which of the following
respects?
a.
Aerobic respiration produces less ATP
b.
Aerobic respiration requires the electron transport chain
c.
Anaerobic respiration is glycolysis
d. The final electron
acceptors are different
Which
one of the following is not produced in any of the steps of glycolysis?
a.
ATP
b. NAD+
c.
NADH
d.
ADP
The
number of ATP molecules produced from one glucose molecule by a bacterium
producing lactic acid is
a.
greater than producing ethanol
b. approximately
equal to producing ethanol
c.
lesser than producing ethanol
d.
none of these
Fatty
acids are oxidized to acetyl-CoA by which of the following pathways?
a.
Entner-Doudoroff
b. β-oxidation
c.
pentose phosphate pathway
d.
Embden-Meyerhof pathway
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